The terms "High
School" or "gymnasium" usually corresponds
to preparatoria or bachillerato, and
follow "secundaria" comprising grades 10-12, when the
student's age is 15 - 18 years old. Students may choose between two main kinds
of high school programmes: The SEP incorporated A and a University Incorporated
one, depending on the state. Other minority of programs are available only for
private schools, such as International Baccalaureate which carries a completely
different system. Nevertheless, in order to be taught, it must include a
national subject at least. In addition there are programs such
as technologia and comercio that prepare students for a
particular vocational career. Preparatoria traditionally consists of
three years of education, divided into six semesters, with the first semesters
having a common curriculum, and the latter ones allowing some degree of
specialization, either in physical sciences (physics, chemistry,
biology etc.) or social sciences (commerce, philosophy, law etc.). The
term bachillerato is most commonly used for institutions that offer a
three-year education program that "prepares" the student with general
knowledge to continue studying at a university. In contrast, the
term preparatioria is most often used for institutions that
provide vocational training, in two or three years, so the graduate can
get a job as a skilled worker, for example, an assistant accountant,
a bilingual secretary or an electronics technician.
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